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Antenna communication is a very important part of wireless communication technology, and its development potential is very large. Here are a few areas:

Development of 5G network: With the development of 5G network, more antennas will be installed, because 5G network requires more antennas to support high-speed, low-latency communication. This will further drive the demand and development of antennas. serial port ethernet converter Development of the Internet of Things: Many devices in the Internet of Things require antennas to communicate. With the development of the Internet of Things, more and more devices will need antennas, which will further promote the demand and development of antennas. Development of new antenna technologies: With the development of new materials and manufacturing technologies, new antenna technologies are emerging, such as multi-antenna systems, millimeter wave antennas, electron beam antennas, etc. These technologies are expected to bring better performance and wider application. The development of satellite communication: Satellite communication has a very large demand for antennas. With the development of satellite communication, more antennas will be used in the field of satellite communication.

In short, antenna communication has broad application prospects, and its future development potential is very large, and it is a very important part of the wireless communication field.  

Oil exploration wells are scattered and numerous in number, and abnormal phenomena need to be dealt with in time. Manual inspection takes a long time and has poor timeliness; wired transmission has many shortcomings such as cumbersome wiring, high cost, and no mobile network coverage on site.

Now there is a need for a wireless transmission technology that supports a large number of access, wide coverage, efficient data transmission, MIMO Technology and has a data center that can aggregate data for data collection, and then connect the network at the center to synchronize the data to the platform server for related data push and display .
working principle
A dormant terminal device is installed at each wellhead and connected to the three-axis sensor at the wellhead as an alarm node to monitor the status of each wellhead. And arrange the router (coordinator) terminal equipment and gateway equipment in the appropriate place to complete the construction of the entire data network.

(1) When the three-axis sensor with the wellhead detects that the wellhead state is abnormal, the three-axis sensor will send the abnormal data to the corresponding dormant terminal equipment;


(2) The dormant terminal will wake itself up at the first time and report the received abnormal data together with the node ID and latitude and longitude coordinates of the wellhead;


(3) The data is received and forwarded to the gateway device via router devices at all levels;


(4) After receiving the data, the gateway device transmits the data to the platform server through the 4G network, and the platform server performs alarm push and data presentation.

System composition
The entire data network is composed of dormant terminal equipment, router (coordinator) terminal equipment, and gateway equipment.  

The challenges posed by the current Internet of Things system have given birth to a new network structure system. Over the past many years, a large number of standardized frameworks have been designed to solve many challenges and problems faced by the Internet of Things at a large scale.
At present, these frameworks all have the same basic requirement, which is to support the functional requirements of data, processes and terminal devices for execution. Serial Communication
The most famous of these are the frameworks defined by oneM2M and the Internet of Things World Forum (IOTWF). Below I will give an in-depth introduction to the two frameworks.
oneM2M IoT standard framework. In the process of standardizing machine-to-machine communication, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) created an association of technical application committees on M2M in 2008. The association was created to create a standard framework to accelerate people's M2M applications and M2M devices. Later, due to the worldwide recognition of the framework, the scope was extended to the field of Internet of Things.
After the M2M Technical Committee established the framework, other organizations also began to lay out the framework of the Internet of Things. In this context, Wi-Fi HaLow it is indispensable to specify a common M2M standard. After realizing the needs of the market, in 2012, ETSI and its member institutions launched a global initiative to unify the M2M framework. This initiative unifies the global M2M standard, accelerates the development of the Internet of Things Communication efficiency in communication systems and the Internet of Things. The purpose of the initiative is to create a common service layer, which can be directly nested into the device facilities, enabling service communication between devices. These include power grid interconnection, automotive hardware interoperability, industrial equipment health monitoring, intelligent measurement and other equipment interoperability services.
The OneM2M architecture roughly divides the functions of the Internet of Things into three architectures: application layer, service layer and network layer. Although the architecture looks very simple in the literal sense, its performance is very diverse. It not only allows each device to interoperate with each other through calling the IT networking interface, but also supports a large number of new and old IoT devices. technology.  

① Increase access point capacity

Wi-Fi 6 uses a technique called Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access. This technology can divide a wireless channel into multiple sub-channels, and each sub-channel has the ability to carry data for different devices. ethernet to rs485 adapter It makes Wi-Fi 6 better suited to handle the access needs of modern IoT and workplaces.
② Faster speed

The theoretical speed of Wi-Fi 6 is 9.6Gbps. It achieves this speed boost by combining 2.4GHx and 5GHz frequency bands and employing MU-MIMO technology in uplink and downlink data transmission.

More efficient data encoding leads to higher throughput. With Wi-Fi 6, a single device can achieve up to 40 percent faster data transfer speeds compared to Wi-Fi 5. Even 2.4GHz networks will experience higher speeds when using a Wi-Fi 6 router.
③ Larger channel width

5GHz channels allow you to aggregate 20MHz channels into 40MHz and 80MHz channels, giving you higher speeds. With Wi-Fi 6, it even goes up to 160MHz channels.
④ Wi-Fi sleep

The Wi-Fi 6 protocol effectively puts some devices' Wi-Fi to "sleep" when not in use. This frees up bandwidth by "sleeping" unused connections. Additionally, battery life is extended through a feature called Target Wake Time (TWT). TWT enables a Wi-Fi access point to communicate with your device to tell it when exactly to wake up its Wi-Fi radio and go to sleep. This helps save power.  

1. The BLE Bluetooth module has lower power consumption and longer power supply time

Because low-power Bluetooth technology has developed to the point where the daily average power consumption can be below 10mA, bluetooth wifi module manufacture such low-power Bluetooth applications in smart products can last for a year or two or even longer with a small battery power supply. The power consumption of other wireless technologies and classic Bluetooth, this is the communication technology that smart products are willing and desirable.

2. The connection speed of the low-power Bluetooth module is fast

Bluetooth low energy technology adopts a very fast connection method, and the connection time interval is variable. This interval can be set from a few milliseconds to a few seconds depending on the specific application. It can be connected to a smartphone almost instantly, greatly reducing the waiting time.

3. The Bluetooth low energy module uses the license-free frequency band

Because Bluetooth Low Energy technology is a free electromagnetic frequency band, the 2.4GHz frequency band that Bluetooth Low Energy operates is modbus tcp gateway a completely free electromagnetic frequency band. Others such as WiFi, induction cooker, etc. are all using the 2.4GHz frequency band. Because this frequency band does not need to pay special authorization fees to the radio management department.  

The main difference between ModBus RTU and ModBus TCP is that ModBus RTU uses a daisy-chain network, so the entire network can be connected by two wires and communicate with each device by giving each node a unique address. ModBus TCP uses a star network where each node has a separate cable called Cat 5 or Cat 6. They can be connected using a router. They also carry a personal address that is unique to each node on the network. Addresses can be from 1 to 255, which means that in theory, we could have 254 devices on the same network. iot pcb It is also possible to use ModBus TCP over the Internet.

In ModBus RTU and ModBus ASCII, the communication is through a serial interface, which means they can only communicate over short distances. Therefore, if you need to communicate over longer distances, you need to use ModBus TCP. On the other hand, ModBus RTU and ModBus ASCII use binary and ASCII codes for data transmission respectively, so there are differences in their transmission efficiency and readability. When choosing a ModBus communication method, various factors need to be considered, including communication distance, transmission efficiency and readability. For short distance communication, both ModBus RTU and ModBus ASCII are available as options. If you need higher transmission efficiency, you can choose ModBus RTU; if you need better readability, you can choose ModBus ASCII. For long-distance communication, only ModBus TCP can be used.  

The 4G industrial router PLC remote control can complete the PLC to collect electromagnetic energy data statistics, and upload them to the cloud server quickly and in real time according to the cloud gateway ip, which is conducive to DC-DC isolation type the real-time query of the operator and the real-time monitoring system and operation guarantee of the entire power distribution system.

4G wireless network industrial-grade wireless routing and PLC remote control have become a new application in industrial production. The basic principles and applications of PLC remote control are shared below. 4G industrial routers realize Siemens PLC through 4G wireless network industrial production-grade wireless routing. , Mitsubishi, omron Omron, Delta and other models of PLC remote monitoring and free download methods.

With the development of the Internet, more and more PLC technical engineers expect to be able to remotely log in to the PLC system through the Internet, which will not only reduce the time and cost of maintenance technical engineers to the scene, but also save a lot of human and material resources At the same time, it can also provide customers with more convenient services and reduce customer losses. PLC remote control, PLC remote monitoring, PLC remote control adjustment, and PLC remote download are problems that customers need to solve urgently.

At present, methods such as projecting IP addresses, VPN, peanut shells, and peanut sticks are widely used to realize PLC remote control, and some complicated main parameters must be set. It is very inconvenient and unstable for customers to use. The use of Jinge technology makes the remote control of PLC easier and more convenient.

The 4G industrial router is a 4G industrial production-level wired router connected to the PLC for remote downloading and monitoring of the program flow through the network interface or the RS485/RS242 system bus. It uses 4G, wired or WIFI as the communication method, and can complete the remote monitoring of the PLC ladder diagram, upload and download programs.  

Even if the noise is large, LoRa can cope with it calmly. After the LoRa modem is configured, the range that can be divided is 64-4096 chips/bit, and the highest spreading factor (12) in 4096 chips/bit can be used up to. Relatively speaking, industrial iot gateway ZigBee can only divide the range of 10-12 chips/bit.

By using a high spreading factor, LoRa technology can transmit small-capacity data through a wide range of radio spectrum. Actually, when you measure it through a spectrum analyzer, the data looks like noise, but the difference is that the noise is uncorrelated, whereas the data has correlation, and based on that, the data can actually be extracted from the noise. The higher the spreading factor, the more data can be extracted from the noise. In a well-functioning GFSK receiver, a minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 8dB is required to demodulate the signal reliably. By configuring AngelBlocks, LoRa can demodulate a signal with a signal-to-noise ratio of -20dB. The GFSK method is the same as this The resulting difference is 28dB, which is equivalent to a lot of expansion in range and distance. In an outdoor environment, a 6dB gap can achieve twice the original transmission distance.

Super link budget, let the signal fly farther In order to effectively compare the performance of the transmission range between different technologies, we use a quantitative indicator called "link budget". The link budget includes every variable that affects signal strength at the receiver, which in its simplified form includes transmit power plus receiver sensitivity. The transmit power is 100mW (20dBm), the receiver sensitivity is -129dBm, and the total link budget is 149dB. In comparison, GFSK wireless technology, which has a sensitivity of -110dBm (which is already an excellent figure), requires 5W of power (37dBm) to achieve the same link budget. In practice, the receiver sensitivity of most GFSK wireless technologies can reach -103dBm. In this case, the transmitter frequency must be 46dBm or about 36W to achieve a link budget similar to LoRa. serial to wifi converter Therefore, using LoRa technology, we can obtain wider transmission range and distance with low transmission power. This low-power wide-area technology is exactly what we need.  

Since the emergence of the new crown, the global requirements for people have gradually become home-based. Apple and other companies asked employees to return to work from home, but employees were unwilling and sued the company.

Musk is relatively tough, stipulating that employees must come to work, and they are unwilling to leave when they leave home; coupled with some news such as the closure of movie theaters, the result of changing the house is inevitable. gsm wifi bluetooth module After all, who wants to move when they can lie down.

In order to prove this idea, I searched the report and found that Gartner, a well-known organization, predicted that the proportion of global white-collar workers working from home will reach 31% in 2022. If the scope is narrowed down to purely mental workers, the data will be as high as 51%.

So where does this lead?

Immediately afterwards, I went to the report of the consumer market and found that tablet computers, a product that continues to decline in the market, will increase by 13.6% against the trend in 2020. Among them, the two major Android manufacturers of Samsung and Lenovo have soared by 44% and 66% respectively. In the fourth quarter, it reached a growth rate of 120%, and relevant agencies called it "unprecedented demand."

I feel that the heads of the tablet departments of these enterprises are laughing crazy, and the marginal departments are ready to give up the market. An epidemic has brought this market back to life!

So why did sales increase? Because migrant workers and students have to hold meetings or take online classes at home on their tablets. smallest bluetooth low energy module Or telecommuting at home, or playing games when you are bored, PC shipments in the fourth quarter of 2020 also increased by 26%, setting a new high in the past decade; follow-up will continue in 2021, and annual shipments will continue to increase by 15%. Among electronic products, various categories such as mobile phones, game consoles, and VR equipment have also risen. Anyway, the real world should wither and the virtual world should rise.  

Since the FHSS system relies on different RF carrier frequencies, error bursts are mainly caused by frequency selective fading.

Error Rate: In DSSS, the information bits are distributed over frequency and time planes, thus minimizing the effects of interference and fading. Therefore, DSSS systems are prone to errors, but at a lower level compared to FHSS systems. FHSS produces strong burst errors.mini bluetooth module Although both techniques have errors, it can be seen that the error rate is higher in FHSS than in DSSS systems. Whenever any device approaches the blocking frequency as it hops between channels, the bandwidth of the FHSS system drops. Compared with DSSS, the decoding process of FHSS is easier. Specific algorithms are required in DSSS to establish the connection between sender and receiver.

Network capacity: The transmission rate of DSSS is higher than that of FHSS, DSSS provides a capacity of up to 22 Mbps, while FHSS supports a capacity of up to 3 Mbps.

Reliability: DSSS is more reliable than FHSS systems, bluetooth transceiver module which are less reliable in applications. But for mobile applications FHSS is more energy efficient. Acquisition Time: The time required to convert an analog signal to a digital signal, more in DSSS systems than in FHSS systems.